Dear Vocalisters:
It is my understanding that the term Mezzo Soprano is a 20th Century invention. In the early 19th Century female voice categories were Soprano and Contralto. Those categorized as contraltos during this time who developed an upward extension of the voice were given roles such as Norma. Male voices were Tenor or Bass.
The subdivision of voices into many different categories, a characteristic of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries, created the rather modern category of mezzo-soprano.
In my opinion, all of this reflects our 20th Century penchant for creating boxes of definitions in which to place things (voices, diseases, methods of learning, emotional problems, etc.) so we do not have to think so carefully about them again. It is nice to see that this naming obsession is beginning to unravel.
-- Lloyd W. Hanson, DMA Professor of Voice, Pedagogy School of Performing Arts Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, AZ 86011
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